My Childhood Memory Essay -- essays research papers

                My Childhood Memory      I recollect it like yesterday. We were all standing by calmly for my dad to return home from the race track. He guaranteed me and my sister that in the event that he won, he would take every one of us to Rye Playland. The minutes felt like hours. It was the longest hour of my life. At that point at last we heard the vehicle entryway shut. Me and my sister hurried to the front entryway restlessly hanging tight for the news. He opened the entryway and strolled in. We attempted to peruse the demeanor all over obviously he was looking down while taking his tennis shoes off. The anticipation was slaughtering us. At that point he turned upward. No words were verbally expressed among us and our dad. He just gave us a clear gaze. I didn't have a clue what to think. I was terrified to solicit on the grounds that I was so stressed from the reaction. It was that second when he said to us, "Well kids, select what your going to wear to Ry e playland this weekend." Excitement just bounced all through my entire body. We both ran over and gave him the greatest embrace and ran upstairs to choose what we would carry with us. I was so energized for the following two days, I most likely just got around 4 hours rest. At that point the day at long last came. It was Saturday.      It was the main time in my life I was glad to hear the morning timer go off. Obviously I was at that point conscious for two hours before it really went off, yet I stood by at any rate. I leaped out of... My Childhood Memory Essay - articles research papers                 My Childhood Memory      I recall it like yesterday. We were all standing by persistently for my dad to return home from the race track. He guaranteed me and my sister that in the event that he won, he would take all of us to Rye Playland. The minutes felt like hours. It was the longest hour of my life. At that point at long last we heard the vehicle entryway shut. Me and my sister hurried to the front entryway restlessly sitting tight for the news. He opened the entryway and strolled in. We attempted to peruse the appearance all over obviously he was looking down while taking his shoes off. The anticipation was slaughtering us. At that point he turned upward. No words were verbally expressed among us and our dad. He just gave us a clear gaze. I didn't have the foggiest idea what to think. I was frightened to solicit on the grounds that I was so stressed from the reaction. It was that second when he said to us, "Well kids, choose what your going to w ear to Rye playland this weekend." Excitement just bounced all through my entire body. We both ran over and gave him the greatest embrace and ran upstairs to select what we would carry with us. I was so energized for the following two days, I most likely just got around 4 hours rest. At that point the day at last came. It was Saturday.      It was the main time in my life I was glad to hear the morning timer go off. Obviously I was at that point alert for two hours before it really went off, yet I stood by at any rate. I leaped out of...

Nutrition †Flavor Essay

Science mentions to you what supplements do in your body and how supplements cooperate Explain why individuals who make the most of their food may retain more supplements from it. The cerebrum responds from the faculties (sight and smell). It trains your mouth and stomach to make synthetics that help digest food. What 5 components add to various societies having such various cooking styles and food customs? Geology, Economics, Foreign Contacts, Religious Belief, Technology. Rundown the 4 principle parts of the natural pecking order and clarify the capacity of each. Sun: The sun supplies the first vitality for the planer as light. This vitality is expected to make food. Makers: Some living beings make or produce food. Green plants are significant makers. Plants utilize the sun’s vitality to create nourishment for themselves. Customers: Organisms that must eat different living beings. Decomposers: Organisms, for example, microbes and growths that separate dead issue and return the supplements to nature. Rundown the 5 purposes behind utilizing food added substances. 1. Added substance enhancing 2. Improving nourishment 3. Increment timeframe of realistic usability 4. Keeping up surface 5. Helping nourishments age Define the accompanying: Nutrient †a compound substance that your body needs to work, develop, fix itself, and make vitality Wellness †great wellbeing and positive prosperity. Incorporates physical, mental, and enthusiastic wellbeing Comfort nourishments †are recognizable food sources that make individuals fell great Culture †expressions of the human experience and different appearances of human scholarly accomplishment respected by and large Cuisines †might be specific to a nation or locale, or it might be a mix from various zones. Staple food †the most generally delivered and eaten food in a territory Ecosystem †a situation and its locale of living beings, which all relies upon one another for endurance Food chain †is the progression of food vitality from more straightforward to progressively complex life forms Shelf stable †ready to be put away at room temperature for quite a long time or months in the first, unopened compartments Shelf life †the time allotment food holds its flavor and quality Food added substances †A substance added to nourishment for a particular explanation during handling. Food is fundamental for endurance and influences a mind-blowing nature. Solid food decisions advance wellbeing. Food offers more than nourishment. It likewise offers satisfaction. Solace nourishments may slow the arrival of stress hormones, causing individuals to feel better. Getting ready and serving food lets you express your innovativeness. Various societies have more than people fixings and dishes, they have whole cooking styles. Salary had/has an impact on what individuals have/needed to prepare certain dinners. Societies assimilate new nourishments through movement, travel, and exchange with others. The food we eat relies upon the wellbeing of the world’s environment. The U. S. is lucky to have bottomless assets for raising food. What is one of the most significant jobs of food handling? To shield transient nourishments from ruining Food added substances incorporate common and fake flavors. At the point when nutrients and minerals are added to nourishments like milk, this is named as improving sustenance. Expanding time span of usability and deferring deterioration is known as rack stable.

Evaluation Essay Topics Examples

Evaluation Essay Topics ExamplesEvaluation essay topics examples are great for helping you get started on a discussion paper that will be published for evaluation. The best part is, you can incorporate these examples into your work without even looking at the material.This comes from the fact that once you are done with an assignment it's difficult to change anything. You don't want to wait until your work is published before looking over the essay examples. You can pick up some ideas and start from scratch if you need to.There are assignments that have a point value attached to them. If they are successful, you can see the point values and how many points you have left for your essay. It's a great way to learn more about writing and what you should include in the discussion.When you have completed an assignment then it's hard to go back and look over your work. You will be so used to it that you won't be able to make the necessary changes. This also happens when you have trouble wit h a single idea or sentence in your paper. These are all situations where you can find these types of essay topics examples in books or online.They are an important part of the learning process. There are plenty of good resources out there, but they can be expensive. You should check out the online references because they will give you a good idea of how things are done and what can be modified to make it work for you.The great thing about evaluation essay topics examples is that you can use them when you are unsure of something that needs to be changed. If you need to modify a sentence, you can go back and look at the example to see if it fits. If it doesn't then it doesn't. It's a great way to work through something and get to know what you are doing.It will show you how different perspectives can help you write a better essay. You will be taught that it's not just about the topic, but that the way you look at things that makes the difference. It's important to think in different ways to be effective. Those examples can help you do that.You may have a valuable idea, but not know how to go about turning it into a better essay. You can look at evaluation essay topics examples to see what is going on and why it is the way it is. There is plenty of information out there for you to make this work for you.

Writing an essay is a challenge for students

You probably pretty often experience panic when receive the new essay writing assignment in school. You are not the only one!!! Many students take it for a great challenge. Some consider it to be harder than mathematical questions, because there are no exact answer, you are not sure what exact result you have to get, you can not compare it with your friends answer, it has to be your own creation, which has to show the teacher that you know the subject you are writing about and are confident in it. That is probably the biggest problem when writing a student essay. It is usually very hard to force yourself to sit and write. There are many factors which influence students. Some students are afraid to start because they can not choose the topic. If it is not given, and the students are not confident enough, or if the topic is given and the students think that they know too little to start writing they often feel panic and resort to the help of custom writings services. When choosing your topic, choose something that no one else will choose, the teacher will definitely value your willingness to produce original work. Definitely, the writer should surprise him/herself, which means the writing is worth reading. There can be many other factors that postpone the writing, but these are the most common. When you see that you can not start writing, try to understand what your problem is and try to deal with it. Of course it is not that easy, but when you know the problem, you know with what you are fighting. Even if you are not very confident in what you write after reading many sources, and started writing nevertheless, you will see that you know more than you thought. It is hard to realize the amount of your knowledge when it is all in your head. Do not be afraid to express your thoughts. Writing will definitely reveal your hidden knowledge. When writing your first draft you do not have to start with introduction. Write what you know at first, later you will have a chance to fill in the blanks. The more time you will have before the deadline, the more chances you will have to improve your paper, so do not start writing it in the last night, this is really helpful strategy. When writing your first draft do not be afraid to express all your thoughts even if they seem strange to you, no one will be reading them unless you will ask some one to evaluate your writing. By the way, if you have a person whom you can trust, it is good to ask for advice. Fresh look from the other person usually brings good ideas and suggestions. When your ideas are down on the paper, when you have something with what you can work, you will see that the challenge has disappeared. Now you are on the right track, and soon you will reach the aim. So if you have an assignment hanging on you right now, do not be afraid, take a deep breath and get started. Good Luck!

Up Until Recently, Hoarding Has Been Classified As A Subtype

Up until recently, hoarding has been classified as a subtype of obsessive compulsive disorder. However, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5 )has now included a separate diagnostic entry for hoarding. Hoarding Disorder affects anywhere from 3-6% of the general population (Allan, et. al. 2015). Hoarding is defined as â€Å"the acquisition and inability to let go of a large number of possessions, resulting in clutter that precludes the use of living spaces for their intended purposes† (Chong, et. al. 2014). In addition to being associated with obsessive compulsive disorder, hoarding disorder has been linked to all three dimensions of depression (Allan, et. al. 2015). This disorder has been shown to have a large impact†¦show more content†¦Furthermore, these individuals may hold a significant sentimental attachment to numerous objects. This often leads to clutter and disorganization within the hoarders’ household. Hoarding is further br oken down by four major elements. These key elements are as follows: excessive acquiring, failure to discard possessions, clutter, and distress and impairment due to hoarding (Gillam, Tolin, 2010). Hoarders acquire their possessions in a multitude of ways. These ways include compulsive buying, attainment of free objects, and in severe cases, stealing. Individuals oftentimes spend hours looking for objects to bring back home. Those who hoard describe the procurement of objects as very exciting and even report feeling frugal because of their finds. Certain hoarding individuals also find enjoyment out of hunting for new objects to bring back home. In addition, these same individuals also report feeling discomfort and agitation when trying to refrain from buying objects. Those with hoarding disorder feel that the attainment of objects brings them positive emotions similar to those one may experience when they have impulse control disorders like gambling. Individuals with hoarding diso rder have difficulties throwing out things that the general population would view as garbage or unusable. Similar to the general population, who hates being wasteful or throwing away objects that may be useful in the future,Show MoreRelatedOcd - Symptoms, Causes, Treatment131367 Words   |  526 PagesUniversity of London, England. Dr. Clark has published numerous articles on cognitive theory and therapy of depression and obsessive–compulsive disorders (OCD), and is a Founding Fellow of the Academy of Cognitive Therapy. He is coauthor, with Aaron T. Beck, of Scientific Foundations of Cognitive Theory and Therapy of Depression and coeditor, with Mark Reinecke, of Cognitive Therapy across the Lifespan: Evidence and Practice. Drs. Clark and Beck recently developed the Clark–Beck Obsessive–Compulsive

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd ) - 2044 Words

There is often an expectation that someone who has survived a traumatic event would be happy for being alive. But there are those who have gone through a traumatic event and have developed a condition known as survivor’s guilt and/or post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and are actually unhappy or depressed that they survived. This condition not only affects the survivors, but those around them as well. Some military veterans can struggle with returning to civilian life after leaving the military. Both posttraumatic stress disorder and survivor’s guilt can make it harder for the veteran to return back into a civilian way of life. The facts indicate that due to the effects on soldiers and military veterans from them being in war or active†¦show more content†¦Some veterans afflicted with PTSD who were in bad combat situations may have a hard time after leaving the military to stop acting or doing things that might have saved their lives while they were in the force. Such as sitting near an exit so that they can leave easily if they need to or at least they think they do, looks for exit points and or strategic points in a room as they are entering a room. These habits can cause them to always be on edge or nervous that they are in danger even when they are somewhere that they should be able to relax or feel at ease such as their own house. PTSD does not just affect the person who has it but can also affect the people around them such as their friends and family. The physical and psychological injuries experienced by soldiers can be passed to family members as separate psychological injuries. This phenomenon is commonly described as secondary victimization and secondary traumatic stress. PTSD can affect the family members of the veteran families or cause issues in numerous ways. Some of these, but not limited to are the relationship of couples, parenting and child development. The findings from studies indicate that war veterans tend to both develop and use more unhealthy styles of communication with family and friends, are less interested, and are less involved in their families’ lives. The fact that they start to be less interested in things, them developing bad or unhealthy communication

Health Promotion Activity Of The Good For Kids †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Health Promotion Activity Of The Good For Kids. Answer: Introduction: Obesity in children and adolescents is considered a public health problem in both developed and developing countries, due to the increase in prevalence and the consequences on the health of the population. Excess weight increases the risk of chronic non- communicable diseases such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and hypertension, in addition to causing a great health cost (Flegal, Panagiotou Graubard, 2015). The problem of obesity is now widely seen in early childhood and this has become a major public health burden both in Australia and worldwide. More than 42 million children under five are reported to be overweight and suffering from obesity worldwide. The prevalence of child obesity in Australia is also high compared to other developing countries as one in every five children in Australia become overweight by the time they start their schooling. There are about 5% children between 2-4 years who have been classified with obesity and obesity related behaviors are establ ished in early childhood (Brown et al., 2017). Many programs or initiative implemented by state and local organization play a role in creating supportive environment to promote healthy living behaviors in people and prevent obesity (Cdc.gov, 2018). The main purpose of this report is to evaluate the health promotion activity of The Good for Kids, Good for Life Program implemented for preventing obesity in Australia and discuss the activities of the program in relation to the action areas of the Ottawa Charter. Need for selected health promotion activity: The Good for Kids, Good for Life Program was one of the largest childhood obesity prevention trial that was implemented in Australia for the prevention and treatment of obesity. The five year obesity prevention trial was implemented in the Hunter New England area service from 2006-2011 and the main purpose was to prevent obesity and overweight in children from 0-15 years of age. It was part of NSWs Live Life Well initiative and influenced services and programs to prevent obesity (Hnehealth.nsw.gov.au. 2018). The need for such kind of health promotion activity arose after the acceleration of the rate of obesity in children with time. The rate of child obesity in Australia increased from 5% in 1995 to 8% in 2007-2008 and the Australian government also announced the need to develop health promotion activities related to healthy eating and physical activity guideline (Abs.gov.au. 2009). Changes in lifestyle and sedentary living have been the main reason for teenagers and youths in Austra lia to become obese. Evident also suggest that diet, physical activity and sedentary behavior are modifiable determinants of obesity and these factors interact in a complex way and contribute to overweight and obesity (Leech, McNaughton Timperio, 2014). Hence, The Good for Kids, Good for Life Program was implemented to change eating habits of children and promote physical activity and create opportunities for children and families to lead a healthy life. Obesity is a systemic, chronic and multifactorial disease involving genetic susceptibility and lifestyles and the environment, influenced by various underlying determinants, such as globalization, culture, economic condition, education, urbanization and the political and social environments. Obesity can reduce the life expectancy of people in up to 8 years and in 19 years of life without diseases, according to a study published today in the medical journal. It is considered that a BMI below 18.5 indicates malnutrition or some health problem, while one over 25 indicates overweight. Above 30 there is mild obesity, and above 40 there is high obesity (Barbour, 2011). The review of current statistics for obesity in children and youth revealed that one in every four Australian children were overweight or obesity in 2014-2017 and overweight and obesity was attributable for 5% of the burden of disease in 2011 (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, 2017). Hence, the need for urgent gove rnment and public health agency is clear from such prevalence rate. The number of children who are overweight or obese has doubled in Australia currently and the main cause for this trend are inappropriate eating habits, lack of physical activity and unhealthy food choices. The importance of health promotion activity to prevent obesity is recognized because of the rise in health problems due to obesity as well as social problems like teasing by peers and issues of low-esteem in children. Apart from the burden on the health system, obesity also increases psychological consequences for children at an early age. Obesity has an impact on self-esteem of children and results in emotional problem, depression, anxiety. It ultimately has an impact on quality of life and protective factors of children (Russell-Mayhew et al., 2012). Therefore, public health policy and health promotion campaign in the area of obesity are necessary to improve population health. The effectiveness of The Good for Kids, Good for Life Program in modifying lifestyle, eating habits and physical activity level of youths and children is discussed in the next section. Potential impact of the selected health promotion activity: The Good for Kids, Good for Life Program was implemented by the NSW Government for the people living in Hunter, New England and Lower Middle North Coast of Australia. The main goal of the program was to reduce the problem of overweight and obesity in children up to 15 years and contribute to the development of appropriate policies and practice to curb rate of childhood obesity (Hnehealth.nsw.gov.au., 2018). The action implemented to fulfill the goal of the program is also related to some of the action areas mentioned in the Ottawa Charter for health promotion. The Ottawa Charter for health promotion developed on 21st November, 1986 provided five action areas to guide health promotion activities. These included building public health policy, creating supportive environment, strengthening community actions, developing personal skills and reorienting health care services towards the prevention of illness and promotion of health (Gagn Lapalme, 2017). By reviewing the specific action of the program, it is understood that the program worked towards building public health policy to prevent obesity in Australia. For example, developing programs for schools and child care setting that target policy development, parent engagement and education in the area of nutrition and physical activity was one of the specific intervention of the The Good for Kids, Good for Life Program (Hnehealth.nsw.gov.au., 2018). Building policies related to health issue is an important part of health promotion as policies and guideline influence dietary guideline, regulates food marketing and ultimately influence the food choices made by people (Zhang et al., 2014). Parallel with The Good for Kids, Good for Life Program goal, several activities were implemented in Hunter, New England area to promote the health of kids and modify their lifestyle. For instance, training programs were implemented for child care staffs regarding healthy menus, lunch boxes and physical activity level in children (Hnehealth.nsw.gov.au., 2018). This action is related to the Ottawa Charter action area of strengthening community action as the action of educating child care staffs regarding healthy diet and physical activity paved way for empowering the people interacting with children and strengthening their participation for the health and well-being of children (Gagn Lapalme, 2017). By providing training to health care staffs, the program had the potential to raise awareness of children and their parents regarding healthy food habits and lifestyle. By this action, the people directly involved with children such as parents and school staffs could advocate for primary p revention of obesity (Flynn, 2015). Hence, by adapting the action area of strengthening community action as mentioned in the Ottawa Charter, the The Good for Kids, Good for Life Program enabled better planning and targeting of resource to prevent childhood obesity in Australia. The similarity of the action implemented as part of the The Good for Kids, Good for Life Program to the action areas of the Ottawa Charter is also understood from the fact that collaboration with health care providers were done to identify children at risk of weight problem. Sports clubs were also given the opportunity to motivate children to participate in physical activity and learn about healthier menu options (Hnehealth.nsw.gov.au., 2018. This paved way fulfilling the action area of developing personal skills and reorienting the health service in the region. By giving special attention to children at high risk of obesity, the needs of the target population was fulfilled. It resulted in development of healthy eating guideline. The program also had the potential to reorient health services as by identifying vulnerable people, new system to help target group know about healthy weight, nutrition and physical activity became possible (Kumar Preetha, 2012). In low income parents, lack of nutrition knowledge among parents also contribute to overweight and obesity related problem and community based effort to create awareness about healthy diet promote obesity prevention (Wintrup, 2010). In this way, the program had the potential to control all risk factors that contribute to obesity during childhood. Implementation of selected health promotion activity: The manner in which any healthy promotion activity is implemented determines the success of the program in reducing health issue of concern to public health. The Good for Kids, Good for Life Program worked by involving health care providers, school staffs, child care services and support staffs in care. To deliver primary prevention services related to obesity, the programs first prioritized building the capacity of seven community settings such as primary schools, child care services, general practitioners, nurse practitioners, Junior Community Sports Club, Community Service Organisation, Aboriginal Health Service Staff and the HNE health services (Health.nsw.gov.au. 2018). By following this approach during the implementation phase of the program, the Ottawa Charters principle of developing personal skill was fulfilled. Capacity building is an important aspect of health promotion activities as it promotes advocacy and increase involvement of organizations, communities or system in p reventive efforts. Other benefits of working across different community sector for realization of health promotion goal are such actions has the potential to empower organization and strengthen community action to empower sustainable health behavior in the community. The manner in which partnership is created between different agencies determines the success of any health promotion activity (Todd et al., 2017). To favor implementation of The Good for Kids, Good for Life Program in target setting, the goals and action of the plan were translated at the state and regional level. By adapting the capacity building approach, the health promotion activity informed implementation of the National Preventive Partnership Health Children Initiative. At the regional level, the gaols of the programs has been translated to action by development of innovative child obesity prevention services at school and promoting development of new services like smoking cessation services in clinical care setting (Health.nsw.gov.au., 2018). It is a challenging process to translate and disseminate health promotion intervention in real setting, however when competing priorities are addressed and agencies are involved in the process, the process of translating the goals in real setting becomes easier (Page-Reeves et al., 2015). From the review of the process by which the program is implemented, it can be concluded communi ty participation and capacity building is an essential tenet for empowering population group to change health behavior and persists with healthy habits. Apart from the implementation process, the success or failure of The Good for Kids, Good for Life Program is also understood from the outcome of the program and its effectiveness in reducing the rate of overweight or obese children in Australia. Effectiveness of the selected health promotion activity: Health promotion campaigns develop specific goals after assessment of health risk and prioritization of health needs of population group and the effectiveness of the implementation process is understood from improvement in health outcome of specific group. In case of five year prvenetion trial the Good for Kids, Good for Life Program implemented in Australia, the effectiveness of the trial is understood from the review of figures on participation of community agencies, improvement in healthy eating and physical activity behaviors of children and weight status of the target group at the start and end of the program. The review of the outcome revealed that by adapting the capacity building approach, about 80% of the community settings were engaged in the program. High level of engagement of Hunter New England schools and child care services in the obesity prevention program were seen compared to rest of the state (Health.nsw.gov.au, 2018). Considering such high rate of participation, i t is evident the impact on health behavior of children would be huge too. Jones et al. (2015) also confirmed that after the implementation of the Good for Kids, Good for Life Program, the number of services implementing written nutrition and physical activity policy increased. Hence, the programs fulfilled its vision of developing more policies in the area of childhood obesity prevention. The programs improved provision for adult guided activities to physical activity and healthy diet for children. The most vital outcome measure for the success of the Good for Kids, Good for Life Program was the improvement in prevalence rate for overweight and obesity and improvement in healthy behavior of Australian children. The improvement in health activity behavior was assessed by the rate of consumption of soft drinks, water, fruits and vegetable intake in children, whereas the improvement in physical activity behavior was measured by the time spent inn children activity. In all these parameters, positive improvement were seen in children in the year 2010 compared to 2010. In addition, while calculation the reduction in overweight and obesity for Hunter New England children, it was found that the prevalence rate of obesity reduced by 1% every year and for girls, the reduction in prevalence rate was 7.4% (Health.nsw.gov.au, 2018). This result suggests that statistically significant improvement in health behavior were found. From this result, it can be concluded that Good for Kids, Good fo r Life Program was successful in getting many positive outcome. By employing community agencies, the programs strengthened capacity for healthy eating and physical activity. Secondly, the program was effective in influencing service delivery both locally and nationally and getting positive changes in number of obesity related behavior too. The program is also renowned for the developing succession of state plans and policies to reduce child obesity and obesity related determinants. Conclusion: The report looked at the issue of increasing prevalence of childhood obesity in Australia. Since, obesity is an issue that increases the risk of chronic disease, mental health consequence and social issues for children and youth in the community, evaluating the role of health promotion activity to address the issue for important. The report evaluated the Good for Kids, Good for Life Program to understand how the campaign followed the actions areas of the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion and took appropriate steps to reduce the steep rise in prevalence of overweight and obesity among Australian children. After the critical review of the goals, implementation process and outcomes of the program, it can be concluded that that the Good for Kids, Good for Life Program was an innovative approach to reduce obesity in Hunter New England region and build evidence for framing more policies to prevent obesity. By taking multi-setting community building approach, it was successful in addressi ng behavioral determinant of childhood obesity and improving health behavior of children. In future, health promotion activities should focus on capacity building to empower community and strengthen their participation in preventive work. References: Abs.gov.au. (2009). 1301.0 - Year Book Australia, 200910. Retrieved 8 April 2018, from https://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/Lookup/1301.0Chapter11062009%E2%80%9310 Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. (2017).Overweight obesity Overview - Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Retrieved 8 April 2018, from https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports-statistics/behaviours-risk-factors/overweight-obesity/overview Barbour, S. (2011).Obesity. Farmington Hills, MI: Greenhaven Press(P. 36). Brown, V., Moodie, M., Baur, L., Wen, L. M., Hayes, A. (2017). The high cost of obesity in Australian pre?schoolers.Australian and New Zealand journal of public health,41(3), 323-324. Cdc.gov (2018). Strategies to Prevent Obesity | Overweight Obesity | CDC. Retrieved 8 April 2018, from https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/strategies/index.html Flegal, K. M., Panagiotou, O. A., Graubard, B. I. (2015). Estimating population attributable fractions to quantify the health burden of obesity.Annals of epidemiology,25(3), 201-207. Flynn, M. A. (2015). Empowering people to be healthier: public health nutrition through the Ottawa Charter.Proceedings of the Nutrition Society,74(3), 303-312. Gagn, T., Lapalme, J. (2017). 1986: Ottawa and onwards.The Lancet Public Health,2(2), e71. Health.nsw.gov.au. (2018). Good for Kids. Good for Life. Child Obesity Prevention Program Healthy Living Retrieved 8 April 2018, from https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/innovation/2013awards/Documents/good-for-kids-good-for-life-child-obesity-prevention-web-22.pdf Hnehealth.nsw.gov.au. (2018). Good for kids. Good for Life. Retrieved 8 April 2018, from https://www.hnehealth.nsw.gov.au/hneph/Nutrition/Pages/Good-for-kids--Good-for-Life.aspx Hnehealth.nsw.gov.au. (2018). Good for kids. Good for Life. Retrieved 8 April 2018, from https://www.hnehealth.nsw.gov.au/hneph/Nutrition/Documents/GoodForKidsProgramOverview.pdf Jones, J., Wyse, R., Finch, M., Lecathelinais, C., Wiggers, J., Marshall, J., ... Fielding, A. (2015). Effectiveness of an intervention to facilitate the implementation of healthy eating and physical activity policies and practices in childcare services: a randomised controlled trial.Implementation Science,10(1), 147. Kumar, S., Preetha, G. S. (2012). Health promotion: an effective tool for global health.Indian journal of community medicine: official publication of Indian Association of Preventive Social Medicine,37(1), 5. Leech, R. M., McNaughton, S. A., Timperio, A. (2014). The clustering of diet, physical activity and sedentary behavior in children and adolescents: a review.International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity,11(1), 4. Page-Reeves, J., Davis, S., Romero, C., Chrisp, E. (2015). Understanding agency in the translation of a health promotion program.Prevention Science,16(1), 11-20. Russell-Mayhew, S., McVey, G., Bardick, A. and Ireland, A., 2012. Mental health, wellness, and childhood overweight/obesity.Journal of obesity,2012. Todd, A., Todd, A., Thomson, K., Hillier-Brown, F., McNamara, C., Huijits, T., Bambra, C. (2017). Key messages: Inheriting from the diffusion of innovations theory, recent health promotion capacity-building literature has mostly focused on community capacity-building. Other distinctive traits in the literature include global-level.European Journal of Public Health,27, 3. Wintrup, H. M. (2010). The Parents' Role in Childhood Obesity, Retrieved from: https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/psycdsp/15/ Zhang, Q., Liu, S., Liu, R., Xue, H., Wang, Y. (2014). Food policy approaches to obesity prevention: An international perspective.Current obesity reports,3(2), 171-182.

Ecotourism In Socotra Natural Reserve Tourism Essay Essay Example

Ecotourism In Socotra Natural Reserve Tourism Essay Paper The focal point of this research will look into the factors influencing of local community engagement in planning and direction in ecotourism in Socotra Natural Reserve ( SNR ) . Based on the research inquiry that expresses the demand to develop and construe indexs for success, it is indispensable to direction in ecotourism ( SNR ) , which includes a assortment of factors such as societal economic, and environmental. The probe focuses on what is meaningful to persons and compares it to the industry. A research entails the application of assorted methods and techniques to make cognition through the usage of scientific methods and processs. Allison ( 1996 ) and Welman and Kruger ( 1999 ) define research as a systematic enquiry that is reported in a signifier that allowed the research methods and results to be accessible to others. Research besides involves seeking solutions to job or reply to inquiry. As stressed by Walman and Kruger ( 1999 ) , research job refers to some trouble that the research worker experiences in the context of either a theoretical or practical state of affairs. We will write a custom essay sample on Ecotourism In Socotra Natural Reserve Tourism Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Ecotourism In Socotra Natural Reserve Tourism Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Ecotourism In Socotra Natural Reserve Tourism Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer For the intent of this survey the research will utilize both quantitative and qualitative research methods. This is make up ones minding because touristry focal points on phenomena that occur in a existent universe scene, and because touristry as a field has many complex dimensions. Quantitative attack will use via a study behavior for local communities environing Socotra Natural Reserve. While qualitative attack will used chiefly with authorities, NOGs and leader of community. Specifically, the survey will use the in structured interviews. The qualitative attack is grounded the interpretative societal scientific disciplines paradigm. Qualitative signifiers of probe tend to be based on the acknowledgment on the of import of the aims experiential unrecorded universe of human existences. Such contemplation is the frame of phenomenology coverage ( Blanche A ; Durrheim, 1999 ) . Gilbert ( 1993 ) notes that qualitative methodological analysiss provide avenues that can take to the find of these deeper degrees of significance. Easterby-Smith ( 1991 ) describes the undertaking of the qualitative methodological analysiss as to capture what people say and how they interpret the complexness of their universe. It is an effort specifically, Jennings ( 2001 ) notes that the qualitative methodological analysis gathers information as text-based units, which represent the societal world, context and properties of the phenomenon under survey. Within the context of touristry research, Walle ( 1996 ) explained that qualitative or inductive research commences in empirical existent universe scenes where informations about the touristry phenomenon are gathered analyzed and theoretical concepts are either generated or modified. Research that utilizes qualitative methodological analysis usually draws on informations aggregation methods such as participant observation in-depth interviews and/or focal point group ( Jenninges, 2001 ) . As a effect of its implicit in paradigm qualitative research is subjective. It relies on the texts and discourses of participants and involves little figure of participants in the research procedure as a consequence of the procedure of garnering in-depth information ( Gunn, 1994 ) . Furthermore, because of the little figure of engagement qualitative research does non assume to stand for the wider population. Qualitative research enables researcher to show elaborate snapshots, as it are, of the participants under survey ( Finn et al. 2000 ) . Possibly one of the major restrictions of qualitative research and rating is the clip required for informations aggregation, analysis and reading. The research has to pass a considerable sum of clip in the research scene in order to analyze holistically and aggregately, the interactions, reactions and activities of topics ( Babbie, 1995 ) . The job of equal cogency and dependability is frequently a unfavorable judgment frequently leveled by quantitative research worker at qualitative methods. Because of the subjective nature of qualitative informations and its beginning in individual contexts, it is hard to use conventional criterions of dependability and cogency. Contexts, state of affairss, events, conditions and interactions can non be replicated to any extent, nor can generalisations be made to a wider context than the one studied with any grade of assurance. In short, the profusion, single and subjective nature of a participant s position and apprehension are non conformable to the usual scientific standard. However, Neuman ( 1994 ) argues that this does non do such understanding any less existent or valid for that participant. Quantitative research workers expect the qualitative research worker to show the cogency and dependability of claims, to show the generalization of experiencing run intoing the same standard as quantitative research. 3.2.2 Quantitative attack A quantitative research attack is grounded in the positive societal scientific disciplines paradigm, which chiefly reflects the scientific method of the natural scientific disciplines ( Jennings, 2001 ) . This paradigm adopts a deductive attack to the research procedure. In the touristry context it commences with theories, hypotheses or research inquiries about a peculiar touristry phenomenon. The attack gathers data from existent universe scenes and so analyses the informations statistically to back up or reject the hypotheses ( Welman A ; Kruger, 1999 ) . Researchs who adopt a more deductive attack usage theory to steer the design of the survey and the reading of consequences ( Neuman, 1994 ) . The overall aim is to prove or verify, instead than to develop one. Thus the theory offers a conceptual model for the full survey, functioning besides as an forming theoretical account for the research inquiries or hypotheses and for the full informations aggregation process ( Veal, 1997 ) . A quantitative methodological analysis abstracts data from the participants into statistical representations instead than textual images of the phenomenon. The full research procedure is objectively constructed, and the findings are normally representative of the population being studied. The chief strengths of the quantitative attack prevarication in preciseness and control of the methodological analysis. Control is achieved through the sampling and design, and supported by a dependable quantitative measuring or proving that can be employed within the methodological analysis. A farther strength is that experimentation leads to statement about causing, since the systematic use of one variable can be shown to hold direct causal consequence on another when other variables have been eliminated or controlled ( Babbie, 19995 ) . Furthermore, hypotheses are tested through a deductive attack, and the usage quantitative informations licenses statistical analysis ( Welman A ; Kruger, 1999 ) . The method therefore provides replies which have much firmer footing than a laic individual s common sense, intuition or sentiment. Other restriction of quantitative research reported by critics is that many research workers are concerned that the scientific quantitative attack denigrates human individualism and the ability to believe ( Jennings, 2001 ) . The research design for this probe is a quantitative and qualitative survey attack utilizing a study method. Anderson, Sweeney and Williams ( 2004 ) suggest that a quantitative research can reliably find if one thought or construct is better than the options. This method besides enables research workers to mensurate and command variables. Leedy and Ormrod ( 2005 ) concur that quantitative research is used to reply inquiries about relationships among mensural variables with the intent of explicating, foretelling, and commanding phenomena. Hence, the research design met the demands of this survey, as the research worker sought to supply dependable and valid results. The study method uses one mechanism to roll up informations from the population. The literature reappraisal in chapter two provides the theoretical and empirical footing for the current survey. The model is based on the old surveies which emphasized these factors. 3.3 Population and Sample As discussed before under the range of the survey, this research is confined to the local communities in the SNR in Yemen. Thus, the mark populations from local community are those who live around SNR. Harmonizing to RSCN functionary statistics, ( 2009 ) there are four small towns located around SNR and the population of occupant is 12,045 villagers. In footings of sample size, it was based on reexamining the research methodological analysis literature. Harmonizing to Kline ( 1998 ) the sample size must be at least 200 unite to see being big. Further, Roscoe ( 1975 ) highlighted that the most appropriate figure in most research should be larger than 30 and less than 500. Finally, Veal ( 2006 ) mentioned that when the populations are 10,000 the sample size should be at least 370 units, and for 500.00 populations and above the sample size should be 384 units. For the intent of this survey, and to take a safe figure of sample size, 400 units will be the sample survey because the populat ion is non widely dispersed, homogenous and non significantly different in footings of bomber groups size. The sampling besides takes into consideration the world that merely those willing and able to take part can be taken as respondents for survey with dismissing the nonreader and the immature. 3.4 Data aggregation This survey intends to look into the relationship of societal benefits, economic benefits and environment benefits with the degree of community engagement in ecotourism. The research worker will utilize a complimentary attack of utilizing both secondary and primary informations for this survey. The primary informations in this survey will be collected from the local communities in add-on governmental governments, NGOs and leader of community. A Likert graduated table questionnaire study is the chief instrument will utilize in garnering quantitative informations from the local communities it is designed by the research worker. For this survey, the research worker will take the clip emphasis and duties for the participants into history. In order to avoid these and troubles, following stairss would be taken: foremost the questionnaires will be dealt in confidentiality with participants to acquire more realistic, honest and blunt responses. Second, the questionnaire will be translated into Arabic linguistic communication to do them understood and more acceptable to the participants and 3rd ; the study will be conducted personally by the research worker in order to accomplish high degree of responses. Structured personal interviews will carry on with the governmental governments, NGOs responsible for ecotourism in Yemen and leader of community. Both study and interview informations are triangulated to supply a clearer position on the issue being studied. The secondary informations are identified in old surveies, which including surveies, articles, statistics, studies, conferences, books, maps, newspaper and other available resource. 3.5 Instrument Design 3.5.1 The Questionnaire The questionnaire is a common instrument for detecting informations beyond the physical accomplishment of the perceiver ( Leedy, 1997 ) . Riley et Al, ( 2000 ) , states that in a questionnaire, there are may be unfastened and closed inquiry. A closed inquiry is one where responses are restricted to a little set of responses that generate precise replies. Open-ended inquiry do non enforce limitations on the possible replies, but are hard to aggregate and computerise. However, the response is frequently of more value, and of more inside informations. Jancowitz ( 2000 ) notes that a construction inquiries that possess an component of maneuvering information from the respondent without any prompt from research worker. This is the method that will utilize in the questionnaire developed for this empirical survey. The questionnaire direction should guarantee that all respondents are treated every bit. Two rules form the foundation for good direction ; lucidity and courtesy. Anonymity is besides guaranting as the individuality of the respondent will non necessitate and an indicant of the name of the organisation is optional. Harmonizing to Finn et Al, ( 2000 ) , a questionnaire should non be excessively long and complicated. More pages with a clear and user-friendly layout are better than fewer pages with cramped and prohibiting layout. All of the above rules are following in planing the questionnaire. In add-on the bill of exchange questionnaire is pre-test in a pilot survey. In planing the questionnaire, a four point Likert-type graduated table will utilize. The Likert graduated table is the most widely used from of scaly points where the respondents chooses a point on a graduated table that best represents his/ her position ( Allison, 1996 ) . A four points Likert graduated table eliminates the natural or no sentiment options thereby coercing the respondents to bespeak clearly their sentiment. For this research will use study questionnaire in roll uping the primary informations from mark population. The questionnaire will utilize four points Likert graduated table i.e. 1 strongly disagree, 2 disagree, 3 agree and 4 strongly agree in order to hold more effects in acquiring decisive replies from respondents. The questionnaire for local communities will be divided into 4 pages the first will include general information about the aims of the survey. The 2nd page will be demographic information and information sing SNR related issues. The staying pages of th e questionnaire consist of 40 points design to research the attitudes of local communities and outlook towards ecotourism in SNR. 3.5.2 Personal Interview The research will use study interview in roll uping the primary informations from authorities, NGOs and leader of community via interviews. The interviews will be face to confront in-depth and will carry on in the office of the interviewees. Interviews will enter with the permission of each participant. Dialogue through interviews will provides elaborate information about issues impacting them refering the planning and direction of SNR. The aim of the interview is to understand the function of authorities and NGOs in planning of SNR. 3.6. Pilot Test Pilot trial is the process in which research worker makes alteration in an instrument based on feedback from little figure of persons who complete and evaluate the instrument ( Creswell, 2008 ) . The questionnaire will be tested by administering to the sample in mark local community of this survey. Participants representing about 10 % of the sample will have 40 questionnaires. This questionnaire will be distributed in four small towns in the Socotra Island to guarantee good coverage of the whole mark population. The pilot trial will supply feedback in the signifier of written remarks to the research worker about the instrument straight by the participant. This will assist alteration in the instrument in order to do it more apprehensible and clear, which would let the sample being capable of finishing the questionnaire decently. The dependability of the graduated table means that repeated usage of the graduated table at different clip under the same conditions will take to the same consequences ( Ryan, 2000 ) . Hence, in this case, dependability is related to whether the four dimensions will give the same consequence each clip if used to mensurate the same attitude repeatedly. If graduated table is non dependable, it can non be valid, because it is non decently mensurating anything at all, allow entirely mensurating the right thing. In current survey, the research worker will carry on appropriate trial for the dependability of the content of the instrument. Alpha coefficient ( Cronbach s alpha ) will be used assess the internal consistence of the instrument. Validity implies that the research worker can pull meaningful and justifiable illations from tonss about a sample or population ( Croswell, 2008 ) . To guarantee the instrument is utile and meaningful the research worker in current survey will exhibit the instrument on the experient academic in order to take their recommendation with respect to the cogency of the instrument. It is deserving adverting the trial will be done in two linguistic communications, the Arabic and English. 3.6. Data Analysiss The research is to look into the influencing of societal benefits, economic benefits and environment benefits on degree of community engagement in ecotourism. This survey is a causal research. Descriptive analysis will be usage to sum up the features of informations such as mean, average and standard divergence. The research worker will utilize factors analysis to find the nature of the factors and to place figure of factors that may be used to stand for the dealingss among variables. This survey will analyze to research the correlativity between independent variables and dependent variables and besides look for any possible multicollinearity among the independent variables. To analyze the association between multiple independent variables and the individual dependant variables, this survey would utilize additive multiple arrested development analysis technique. Hypothesiss would be trial to reason about the theoretical account development in chapter 2. 3.7 Decision In this chapter the research worker describes the research methodological analysis that will be used to look into the relationship between the independent variables ( societal benefits, economic benefits and environment benefits ) and the dependant variable ( community engagement ) to accomplish the aim of the survey. More specifically, this subdivision described the quantitative and qualitative research design to be used including the finding of the sample, planing the instrument and analysis of the informations. Mentions Al-Farid, S. ( 2004 ) . Promoting little and micro rural endeavor ( SMRE ) , through pro- hapless Ecotourism policies in developing states, Institutional Research- concluding study. Republic Yemen, Sanaa. 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How a School Administrator Becomes an Effective Leader

How a School Administrator Becomes an Effective Leader Great leadership is the key to success in any school. The best schools will have an effective school leader or group of leaders. Leadership not only sets the stage for long-term achievement, but it ensures that there will be sustainability long after theyre gone. In a school setting, a leader must be multifaceted as they deal with other administrators, teachers, support staff, students, and parents on a daily basis. This is not an easy job, but many administrators are experts at leading the various subgroups. They can effectively work with and support every person at the school. How does a school administrator become an effective school leader? There is not a single answer to this question but a blend of qualities and characteristics that yield an effective leader. An administrators actions over the course of time also help them to become a true school leader. Lead by Example A leader understands that others are continuously watching what they are doing and how they respond to certain situations. They arrive early and stay late. A leader remains calm in times where there may be chaos. A leader volunteers to help and assist in areas where they are needed. They carry themselves inside and outside of the school with professionalism and dignity. They do their best to make informed decisions that will benefit their school. They can admit when a mistake is made. Have a Shared Vision A leader has a continuous vision for improvement that guides how they operate. They are never satisfied and always believe they can do more. They are passionate about what they do. They are able to get those around them to buy into their vision and to become as enthusiastic about it as they are. A leader is not afraid to expand or to scale back their vision when appropriate. They actively seek input from those around them. A leader has both a short-term vision to meet immediate needs, and a long-term vision to meet future needs. Be Well Respected A leader understands that respect is something that is earned naturally over time. They do not force others around them to respect them. Instead, they earn others respect by giving respect. Leaders give others around them the opportunities to be their best. Highly respected leaders may not always be agreed with, but people almost always listen to them. Be a Problem Solver School administrators face unique situations every day. This ensures that the job is never boring. A leader is an efficient problem solver. They are able to find effective solutions that benefit all parties involved. They are not afraid to think outside the box. They understand that each situation is unique and that there is not a cookie-cutter approach to how to do things. A leader finds a way to make things happen when no one believes that it can be done. An Effective School Leader Is Selfless A leader puts others first. They make humble decisions that may not necessarily benefit themselves, but instead is the best decision for the majority. These decisions may instead make their job increasingly difficult. A leader sacrifices personal time to help where and when they are needed. They are not worried about how they look as long as it is benefiting their school or school community. Be an Exceptional Listener A leader has an open door policy. They do not dismiss anyone that feels that they need to talk to them. They listen to others fervently and wholeheartedly. They make them feel that they are important. They work with all parties to create a solution and keep them informed throughout the process. A leader understands that others around them have potentially brilliant ideas. They continuously solicit input and feedback from them. When someone else has a valuable idea, a leader gives them credit. Adapt to Change A leader understands that situations change and are not afraid to change with them. They quickly assess any situation and adapt appropriately. They are not afraid to change their approach when something is not working. They will make subtle adjustments or scrap a plan entirely and start from scratch. A leader uses the resources they have available and makes them work in any situation. Understand Individual Strengths and Weaknesses A leader understands that it is the individual parts in a machine that keeps the entire machine running. They know which of those parts are fine-tuned, which are in need of a little repair, and which could potentially need to be replaced. A leader knows each teacher’s individual strengths and weaknesses. They show them how to use their strengths to make an impact on and create personal development plans to improve their weaknesses. A leader also evaluates the entire faculty as a whole and provides professional development and training in areas where improvement is needed. Makes Those Around You Better A leader works hard to make every teacher better. They encourage them to grow continuously and improve. They challenge their teachers, create goals, and provide ongoing support for them. They schedule meaningful professional development and training for their staff. A leader creates an atmosphere where distractions are minimized. They encourage their teachers to be positive, fun, and spontaneous. Admit When You Make a Mistake A leader strives for perfection with the understanding that they are not perfect. They know that they are going to make mistakes. When they do make a mistake, they own up to that mistake. A leader works hard to rectify any issues that arise as a result of a mistake. The most important thing that a leader learns from their mistake is that is it should not be repeated. Hold Others Accountable A leader does not allow others to get away with mediocrity. They hold them accountable for their actions and reprimand them when necessary. Everyone including students have specific jobs to do at school. A leader will ensure that everyone understands what is expected of them while they are at school. They create specific policies that address each situation and enforce them when they are broken. An Effective School Leader Makes Difficult Decisions Leaders are always under the microscope. They are praised for their school’s successes and scrutinized for their failures. A leader will make difficult decisions that can lead to scrutiny. They understand that not every decision is the same and even cases with similarities may need to be handled differently. They evaluate each student discipline case individually and listen to all sides. A leader works hard to help a teacher improve, but when the teacher refuses to cooperate, they terminate them. They make hundreds of decisions each day. A leader evaluates each one thoroughly and makes the decision they believe will be the most beneficial for the entire school.

Global warming Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 8

Global warming - Essay Example People have changed the land use that has increased the emission of greenhouse gases. For instance, deforestation has led to increased emission of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere that was previously stored in vegetation. Kuwait is located on the Arabian Gulf; the country is made up the mostly flat desert. The climate of Kuwait can be severe, with temperatures that are freezing and scalding. The increased temperatures in Kuwait are as a result of increased industrialization and urbanization. However, some researchers have said that the raised temperatures are not as a result of the industrialization. Kuwait has numerous environmental issues that are severely affecting its biophysical ecosystem, as well as the human health. The rapid industrialization and the careless environmental oversight have resulted in these issues. One of the major issues is the desertification that has remained a serious problem. The government of Kuwait are taking measures to address this problem through restoring the desert lands to forests. Another major issue affecting Kuwait is the increased pollution. The different forms of pollution have increased with growth in industrialization. The government is taking precautions to ensure that this issue does not go beyond the limit. Therefore, the government is setting up the pollutant treatment infrastructure that is adequately addressing this

Exam 4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Exam 4 - Essay Example Some of the whites still look down upon the blacks and more so the women whose status in society is reduced on a bilateral scale (because they are women and hence considered minority and incapable and because they are black a minority race). This therefore leads to the white males subjecting the black women to different forms of sexual violence and especially sexual harassment, sexual assault and even rape (Gardiner, 2002). Most of these cases go unreported for fear by the women of the repercussions (this is especially so if the sexual violence takes place in a workplace and the perpetrator has higher authority and uses threats). Black males (most of them) as a result of the low status accorded to them by the white race engage themselves in sexual violence in order to regain their machismo and ego (Gardiner, 2002). The perform different sexual violence acts especially rape and use sexual words directed towards the white female as a way to intimidate them and even force them to respect them let alone accord them higher status. They therefore target the white women they are close to and whom they know well and in most cases whom they â€Å"want to teach a lesson† to. Most of these cases are reported and it is no wonder there are more black males associated with sexual violence in prison. The other shocking statistic according to Postmus, 2012 is that whites lead in sexually violating their fellow white more than the blacks sexually violate their black. Even though this is not broken down to which gender is the perpetrator and which the victim, it is obvious both genders are involved both as victim and perpetrator but this depends on the type of sexual violence. The reason for this high statistic is because of the lenient and less conservative society the whites have which allows them to openly challenge each other and failure results to sexual

Policing Practices and Operations Essay Example for Free

Policing Practices and Operations Essay Law enforcement officers have many duties. Law enforcement officers are sworn to serve and protect society as well as to fight crime. They also maintain order within their jurisdiction, as well as providing other services that the community will benefit from. Most of the time, police officers are considered to be crime fighters, in which this image has been brought to citizen’s attention by the media. The styles of policing should match the community in which they serve, so there is no conflict between the community and the law enforcement officer. The future policing structure does have a huge impact socially, economically, and politically within the community and the police departments general needs so that they can provide the proper policing that is needed. Life threatening situations take place in different circumstances, which includes the law enforcement agencies. Dangers Law enforcement officers face being wounded or murdered as they are on the line of duty in the United States, every year. The greatest threat a police officer will ever face is bodily harm and death. When a law enforcement officer is called to a scene and responds to a disturbance call, the law enforcement officer is confronted with the possibilities of violent actions from an armed suspect. Although, bodily harm as well as death upon a law enforcement officer are not the only dangers in policing. Family issues and stress related illnesses also can be contributing factors to the danger of a law enforcement officer and policing. Law enforcement officer’s jobs can surely take a toll on their lives as well as their well-being. If the pressures of their type of work are handled and coped with property, it could end up becoming life threatening. Today’s law enforcement officers are faced with many dangers within their everyday duties, like rival threats of getting shot. Examples are: vehicle pursuits, traffic control, and foot pursuit, stress, making an arrest, and sun exposure/duty equipment and biohazard exposure. These dangers are exposed to law enforcement officers on a daily basis. This is why it is important for law enforcement officers to wear their bulletproof vests as well as their belts that contain pepper spray, radio, handgun, baton, and handcuffs. All of this specified equipment usually will weigh up to about twenty pounds, which adds stress to the law enforcement officers hips, feet, knees, and back areas. Stress to the law enforcement officers body by getting in and out of their patrol vehicle up to about fifty times within one day, as they have to wear all of their equipment. Law enforcement officers are exposed to the extreme temperatures for many hours at a time. They may have to be in extreme heat c onditions, such as one hundred degree heat, while conducting traffic control at a scene of an accident. They also sometimes have to provide crime scene security when the weather may be in freezing conditions. Law enforcement officers are at the mercy of all weather conditions. Also, a lot of the times law enforcement officers are called to a scene and they are not properly prepared for it because of the weather conditions and they do not have the time to stop somewhere to get what they need to prepare themselves. They may have to stand out in extremely hot or freezing weather without the proper protection they may need or hydration they so desperately have to have. Law enforcement officer’s physical dangers have to be dealt with as well as trying to always be ready for the worst. As this can add so much mental and physical stress upon the law enforcement officer. They have to be aware of their surroundings and environment all the time. Law enforcement officers have to be alert as well as being prepared for all situations that may occur. The officer will rarely have time to get prepared for an emergency call. They have to sometimes rely on the training the received to be able to make important, split second decisions that are based on different circumstances. The September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks gained the attention from all the departments within law enforcement. Within the federal policing agencies, they took precautionary measures to make sure that the people of  the United States were safe. Even though, the local and state agencies have managed to keep the people’s fears under control within the United States and communities as well. All of the agencies in the United States have to work fearlessly on preventing and reducing the citizen’s fears caused by terrorism. When terrorism is looked into, law enforcement agencies and Homeland security across the world are very imperative that the agencies try to work together in solving the crimes by using shared information and by having departmental as sistance. All in all, terrorism is always a danger for law enforcement officers. Statistics As reports were published by the National Police Officer Memorial Funds said that in 2010, officer’s fatalities treacherously rose. There was a two year drop of law enforcement mortalities in 2010 that rose to 160. This was intensified by about forty percent compared by looking at the year before. The data gathered by the National Law Enforcement Officers Memorial Fund indicated that for the thirteenth consecutive year, the number one cause of law enforcement officers deaths were contributed by traffic fatalities, within thirty nine states. Puerto Rico and the District of Columbia were also involved in law enforcement officer’s related deaths in 2010. Within the third consecutive year in a row, Texas, Florida, and California were ranked on top of the five states that involved the most of law enforcement fatalities. The Federal law enforcement Officers had a total of eleven law enforcement officers that were lost, including the Federal agents that lost their lives in the line of duty during 2010, along with United States Customs, two United States Border Patrol agents, and three Border Protection officers. According with the Federal Bureau of Investigations (2011) website, it stated that fifty-six law enforcement officers were killed in the line of duty. Thirty two law enforcement officers that were among the fifty-six, were employed within city police departments. Thirteen of them were employed for law enforcement agencies within cities of a population consisting of 250,000 or more people that reside there. In Puerto Rico and twenty two other states, there was also line of duty deaths as well. There were fifteen law enforcement officers who lost their lives in ambush situations as well. There were fourteen law enforcement officers that lost their lives in felonious attacks while involved in arrest situations. There were eight law enforcement officers that were killed when they were investigating suspicious persons/circumstances. There were seven law enforcement officers that were killed while working on traffic stops/pursuits. Six law enforcement officers were killed while answering to disturbance calls. There were three law enforcement officers that were killed while they were involved in tactical situations, like high risk entry, barricaded offender, hostage situations, etc. There were two law enforcement officers that were killed upon conducting investigations while searching, interviewing, and looking at surveillance. And one law enforcement officer was killed as they were maintaining custody of a prisoner or while transporting a prisoner. With future policing, I feel that it is important to have close communication with the homeland security. I personally feel that the more communication there is, the more we will progress and bring better policing skills. It is equally as important to have communication with all law enforcement agencies to help in improving all policing operations that are dealt with. In future policing, the importance of keeping law enforcement agencies relationships maintained will build better and stronger agencies. With the relationship within law enforcement agencies and homeland security are not as accurate as seemed. It is understood that all agencies serve different purposes, as they are all in charge of different types of areas within society to serve and protect. I believe that joining forces with other agencies would be beneficial. It would be beneficial because by all working together, there could be issues that could be addressed a lot better. Along with lack of communication among law enforcement agencies and homeland security, we would be able to better handle the various criminal issues better. I feel that this can also improve community policing and law enforcement relationships. With the new technology equipment that police officers receive, they can work on their policing styles, such as being reactive or proactive. Once these issues are changed, there will be better communication with other law enforcement agencies, as they would be able to serve and protect in much more positive ways. This will decrease crime rates as well as increasing practices that  are reactive. As crime rates decrease, and proactive and reactive practices are being practiced, then the start of confidence will show within all law enforcement agencies. Although, there are many differences in the power as well as the authority, responsibilities and roles, and the difference in jurisdiction at the local, state, and federal levels within law enforcement officers. It is clearly apparent that all of the dangers within them remain equally the same. References American bar association. (2011). Standards on urban police functions. Retrieved from http://www.americanbar.org/publications/criminal_justice_section_archive/crimjust_standards_urbanpolice.html Federal bureau of investigations. (2011). Officers feloniously killed. Retrieved from http://www.fbi.gov/about-us/cjis/ucr/leoka/leoka-2010/officers-feloniously-killed Crime in America.NET. (2011). Law enforcement fatalities dramatically increase in 2010. Retrieved from http://crimeinamerica.net/2011/01/04/law-enforcement-fatalities-dramatically-increase-in-2010/